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# Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray
## Overview
Oxymetazoline is an alpha-adrenergic agonist that causes vasoconstriction.
## Primary Indications
Temporary relief of nasal congestion due to the common cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies.
## Adult Dosing
* **0.05% nasal spray:** 2-3 sprays in each nostril every 10-12 hours as needed. Do not exceed 2 doses in 24 hours.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **6 to under 12 years:** 2-3 sprays in each nostril every 10-12 hours as needed. Do not exceed 2 doses in 24 hours.
* **Under 6 years:** Safety and efficacy not established. Consult prescribing information for specific age restrictions and potential use of lower concentration products if available and deemed appropriate by a healthcare provider.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Known hypersensitivity to oxymetazoline or any component of the formulation.
* Use with MAO inhibitors or within 14 days of stopping MAO inhibitor therapy may cause a hypertensive crisis.
## Adverse Effects
Common: Nasal burning, stinging, dryness, sneezing, increased nasal discharge.
Less Common/Serious: Rebound congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa) with prolonged or excessive use, palpitations, hypertension, nervousness, insomnia, headache.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs):** Concomitant use or use within 14 days of MAOI therapy can lead to severe hypertension.
* **Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) and other sympathomimetics:** May potentiate the pressor effects of oxymetazoline.
## Monitoring
* Monitor for rebound congestion with prolonged use.
* Monitor blood pressure and heart rate in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, especially with frequent or prolonged use.
## Clinical Pearls
* Limit use to a maximum of 3 consecutive days to minimize the risk of rebound congestion.
* Instruct patients on proper administration technique to ensure medication reaches the nasal mucosa.
* Discontinue use and consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist or worsen.
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*This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always consult the most current prescribing information and institutional protocols for complete details.*
