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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It works by softening stool and lubricating the intestinal tract, facilitating passage.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Laxative:** 10 mL to 30 mL orally once daily. Onset of action is typically 6-8 hours.
* **Emollient:** Applied topically as needed.
## Pediatric Dosing
Dosing in children should be guided by a healthcare professional and may vary based on age and weight. General guidance for constipation:
* **1-5 years:** 5 mL once daily.
* **6-12 years:** 10 mL once daily.
* **Over 12 years:** As per adult dosing.
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically needed for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Appendicitis or other acute abdominal conditions.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Inability to swallow without aspiration.
## Adverse Effects
* **Gastrointestinal:** Abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.
* **Chronic use/high doses:** Fecal impaction, anal leakage, lipid pneumonia (if aspirated).
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Mineral oil can decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and certain medications.** Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements and frequency.
* Signs of abdominal pain or distension.
* Signs of aspiration if risk factors are present.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer oral liquid paraffin undiluted.
* Advise patients to avoid lying down immediately after administration to reduce the risk of aspiration.
* Long-term daily use is generally discouraged due to potential for dependency and malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always verify current prescribing information and local protocols before making clinical decisions.
