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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It works by softening stool and lubricating the intestinal tract, making it easier to pass.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Laxative:** 15-45 mL orally once daily, typically at bedtime.
* **Emollient:** Apply topically to affected skin areas as needed.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Laxative:** Dosing varies significantly by age and formulation. Consult specific product labeling or pediatric guidelines. Generally, doses are lower than adult doses. For example, some sources suggest:
* 1-5 years: 5-10 mL orally once daily.
* 6-12 years: 10-15 mL orally once daily.
* Use in children under 1 year is generally not recommended without medical supervision.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are routinely recommended for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Intestinal obstruction
* Nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain of unknown origin
* Allergy to liquid paraffin
## Adverse Effects
* Anal leakage (especially with higher doses)
* Abdominal cramping
* Nausea
* Diarrhea
* Lipid pneumonia (rare, with chronic aspiration, especially in infants or elderly)
* Pruritus (with topical use)
* Contact dermatitis (with topical use)
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Mineral oil can decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and other lipid-soluble drugs.** Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **May decrease the absorption of anticoagulants** (e.g., warfarin).
* **May decrease the absorption of some cardiac glycosides.**
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements (frequency, consistency)
* Signs of abdominal pain or distension
* For patients on long-term therapy: nutritional status, especially fat-soluble vitamin levels.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize disruption and risk of anal leakage during the day.
* Aspiration can lead to lipid pneumonia; caution is advised, especially in infants, the elderly, or those with swallowing difficulties.
* Long-term, daily use is not generally recommended due to potential for vitamin malabsorption and dependence. Consider alternatives for chronic constipation.
* Topical application can help moisturize dry skin.
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*This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always verify current prescribing information and local protocols before making clinical decisions.*
