Please check your internet connection and try again.
# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin, also known as mineral oil, is a highly refined mineral oil used as an emollient and lubricant. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Constipation:** 10-30 mL by mouth once daily, usually at bedtime. Doses can be adjusted based on response.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Constipation:**
* Children 6-12 years: 5-15 mL by mouth once daily.
* Children 1-5 years: 5-10 mL by mouth once daily.
* Children <1 year: Use with caution. Dosing typically 2.5-5 mL by mouth once daily. **Consult pediatrician for specific dosing.**
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment, as systemic absorption is minimal.
## Contraindications
* Known hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Individuals who are bedridden or have difficulty swallowing due to the risk of aspiration and lipoid pneumonia.
* Acute appendicitis or inflammatory bowel disease.
## Adverse Effects
* Gastrointestinal: Abdominal cramping, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.
* Anal leakage (especially with higher doses).
* **Aspiration:** Can cause lipoid pneumonia, which can be severe and potentially fatal. This risk is increased in individuals with dysphagia or those who are bedridden.
* Reduced absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) with chronic, long-term use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Mineral Oil and Fat-Soluble Vitamins:** May reduce the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and other lipid-soluble drugs. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Mineral Oil and Docusate:** Concurrent use is generally not recommended as it may increase the risk of mineral oil absorption.
## Monitoring
* Monitor for bowel movements and signs of abdominal discomfort.
* Assess for anal leakage.
* Monitor for signs of aspiration, especially in at-risk individuals.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize anal leakage.
* Do not use chronically without medical supervision due to potential for vitamin malabsorption.
* Educate patients about the risk of aspiration and lipoid pneumonia, especially if they are bedridden or have swallowing difficulties.
* Consider alternative laxatives for patients at high risk of aspiration.
***
**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Please refer to the most current prescribing information and consult with a qualified healthcare provider for patient-specific medical advice.
