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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening the stool and easing defecation. It is not absorbed systemically.
## Primary Indications
* Short-term treatment of constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-30 mL once daily or in divided doses. The dose should be adjusted to effect.
* **Maximum:** Not to exceed 45 mL daily.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Children 6-12 years:** 5-10 mL once daily.
* **Children 1-5 years:** 5 mL once daily.
* **Under 1 year:** Use is generally not recommended without physician supervision. Consult specific pediatric guidelines or a pediatrician for individualized dosing.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are routinely required for hepatic or renal impairment due to minimal systemic absorption.
## Contraindications
* Individuals with dysphagia (risk of lipid pneumonitis if aspirated).
* Patients with intestinal obstruction, acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or fecal impaction.
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
## Adverse Effects
* Anal leakage, particularly with higher doses.
* Abdominal discomfort, cramping, or pain.
* Nausea.
* **Rare:** Vitamin malabsorption (especially fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, K) with prolonged, high-dose use.
* **Aspiration:** Can lead to chemical pneumonitis, which can be severe or fatal.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamin absorption:** May decrease absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K; consider separation of administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Mineral oil laxatives:** Concurrent use with other mineral oil products should be avoided.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements (frequency, consistency).
* Signs of abdominal discomfort or obstruction.
* For prolonged use, monitor for signs of vitamin deficiency.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer undiluted or mixed with water.
* Avoid taking close to bedtime due to the risk of anal leakage and aspiration.
* Prolonged or excessive use can lead to dependence and impaired vitamin absorption.
* If constipation persists beyond 1 week of use, reassess the patient for underlying causes.
* Caution is advised in elderly or debilitated patients due to increased risk of aspiration.
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*Disclaimer: This information is intended for healthcare professionals and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult the most current prescribing information and clinical guidelines for complete details and to ensure accuracy before making any treatment decisions.*
