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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening stool and facilitating its passage. It is not absorbed by the body.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10 mL to 30 mL once daily, usually at bedtime. Dosing is often adjusted based on patient response.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:**
* Under 1 year: Generally not recommended. If used, doses are typically very small (e.g., 1-2.5 mL once daily), but this requires careful consideration and physician guidance.
* 1-5 years: 5 mL once daily.
* 5-12 years: 5-10 mL once daily.
* Over 12 years: Same as adult dosing.
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment due to minimal systemic absorption.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Appendicitis or symptoms of acute abdominal conditions.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Fecal impaction.
* Nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain of unknown origin.
* Difficulty swallowing (due to aspiration risk).
## Adverse Effects
* Anal leakage or soiling.
* Abdominal cramps or discomfort.
* Nausea.
* Risk of lipoid pneumonia if aspirated (especially in infants, elderly, or those with impaired swallowing reflexes).
* Decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) with chronic, high-dose use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Liquid paraffin can decrease their absorption with chronic use. Consider separating administration or using vitamin supplements.
* **Other medications:** Theoretically, it may reduce the absorption of other orally administered drugs due to its bulk and lubricating effect. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movement frequency and consistency.
* Signs of anal leakage or soiling.
* In infants and the elderly, monitor for signs of aspiration.
* With chronic use, consider monitoring for vitamin deficiencies.
## Clinical Pearls
* Best taken at bedtime to reduce the risk of anal leakage during the day.
* Do not lie down immediately after taking, as this increases aspiration risk.
* Long-term, regular use is generally discouraged due to potential for vitamin malabsorption and dependence.
* It is a lubricant and does not stimulate bowel motility.
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*This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always consult the current prescribing information and relevant clinical guidelines for complete details and to ensure patient safety.*
