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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It works by lubricating the intestinal walls and softening the stool, making it easier to pass.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-20 mL once daily or as needed. Maximum dose is typically 30 mL per day.
## Pediatric Dosing
Dosing in children is not well-established and should be determined by a healthcare provider based on age and weight. Generally, lower doses are used for younger children. For example, doses of 5 mL once daily have been reported in children.
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Appendicitis or acute abdominal pain.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Nausea or vomiting.
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Use with caution in patients with dysphagia due to risk of aspiration.
## Adverse Effects
* Diarrhea
* Abdominal cramps
* Anal leakage/soiling
* Nausea
* Vomiting
* Lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated)
* Decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) with chronic use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Long-term use can decrease their absorption. Consider vitamin supplementation if chronic use is anticipated.
* **Other medications:** Liquid paraffin can potentially affect the absorption of other orally administered medications by coating the gastrointestinal tract. Administer other medications at least 2 hours before or after liquid paraffin.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements for effectiveness and to prevent fecal impaction.
* Signs of electrolyte imbalance if diarrhea is severe or prolonged.
* Signs of aspiration, particularly in patients with impaired swallowing.
## Clinical Pearls
* Should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance effectiveness.
* Avoid lying down immediately after taking liquid paraffin to reduce the risk of aspiration.
* Chronic use may lead to dependence on laxatives.
* Not intended for long-term management of constipation.
**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for clinical pharmacists and healthcare professionals. It is essential to consult the most current prescribing information and local protocols for definitive guidance.
