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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin, also known as mineral oil, is a highly refined mineral oil used as a laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening the stool and making it easier to pass.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 15-45 mL once daily, typically at bedtime. The dose may be adjusted based on patient response.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:** Dosing is variable and should be determined by a clinician. Generally, lower doses are used for children compared to adults. For children aged 6-12 years, 5-15 mL once daily may be considered. Use in children under 6 years of age is generally not recommended without medical supervision due to an increased risk of aspiration and lipoid pneumonia.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Patients with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) due to the risk of aspiration and lipoid pneumonia.
* Concurrent use with docusate sodium is not recommended as it may increase absorption of liquid paraffin.
## Adverse Effects
* Abdominal cramping
* Diarrhea
* Nausea
* Anal leakage
* Lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated)
* Vitamin malabsorption (with chronic, high-dose use)
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Docusate Sodium:** Concomitant use is discouraged due to potential increased absorption of liquid paraffin.
* **Fat-soluble Vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Long-term, regular use of mineral oil can decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements (frequency, consistency)
* Signs of abdominal discomfort or cramping
* Monitor for anal leakage, especially in elderly patients.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize anal leakage and facilitate a bowel movement in the morning.
* Avoid administration within 2 hours of other medications to minimize potential absorption interference.
* Advise patients to drink a full glass of water with each dose.
* Long-term, daily use should be discouraged. Intermittent use for constipation is preferred.
* Aspiration is a significant risk, particularly in the elderly or those with impaired gag reflexes.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for clinical use and does not replace the need to consult the official prescribing information or a pharmacist for specific patient guidance. Always verify current dosing, indications, and safety information with the most recent drug product literature.
