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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It works by lubricating the intestinal tract, softening the stool, and promoting bowel movement.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
* Skin conditions requiring emollient properties (topical use)
## Adult Dosing
**Oral (Laxative):**
* 10-20 mL once daily or as needed. May be increased to 30-40 mL if necessary.
* **Maximum:** Typically not specified, but chronic high-dose use should be avoided.
**Topical (Emollient):**
* Apply as needed to affected skin areas.
## Pediatric Dosing
**Oral (Laxative):**
* **Under 1 year:** Generally not recommended due to risk of aspiration and lipid pneumonia. If used, consult a pediatrician.
* **1-5 years:** 5 mL once daily or as needed.
* **6-12 years:** 10 mL once daily or as needed.
* **Over 12 years:** Same as adult dosing.
**Topical (Emollient):**
* Apply as needed to affected skin areas.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are generally required for hepatic or renal impairment, as the drug is not significantly absorbed systemically.
## Contraindications
* Known hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Appendicitis or symptoms of acute abdominal conditions.
* Intestinal obstruction or perforation.
* Careful use in individuals with dysphagia or impaired gag reflex due to risk of aspiration.
## Adverse Effects
**Common:**
* Abdominal cramping
* Nausea
* Diarrhea
* Anal leakage (especially with higher doses)
**Serious:**
* Lipid pneumonia (if aspirated into the lungs, particularly with chronic use or in those with impaired swallowing)
* Fat-soluble vitamin malabsorption (A, D, E, K) with chronic, long-term use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Reduced absorption with chronic oral use. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Docusate:** May increase absorption of liquid paraffin.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movement frequency and consistency.
* Signs of abdominal pain or distension.
* Monitor for signs of aspiration if risk factors are present.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer with caution in patients with dysphagia or impaired swallowing reflex to minimize the risk of aspiration.
* Avoid lying down immediately after taking oral liquid paraffin.
* Chronic use may lead to dependence on laxatives and malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
* Topical use can reduce skin dryness and irritation.
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*This information is intended for clinical use and does not replace comprehensive prescribing information. Always verify current drug information with the official product monograph or a reliable drug database.*
