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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It works by lubricating the stool and the intestinal walls, making it easier to pass.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10 mL to 30 mL once daily, typically at bedtime. Doses can be adjusted based on patient response.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:** Dosing is not well-established in children. Use with caution and under medical supervision. If used, typical starting doses may range from 5 mL once daily for younger children to 15 mL once daily for older children.
## Dose Adjustments
* No specific dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Patients with dysphagia or a history of aspiration.
* Inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis).
* Bowel obstruction or symptoms suggestive of obstruction.
* Abdominal pain of unknown origin.
## Adverse Effects
* Anal leakage (especially with higher doses)
* Gastrointestinal upset (bloating, cramps, nausea)
* Lipoid pneumonia (rare, primarily with chronic aspiration)
* Malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) with chronic, long-term use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins:** May decrease absorption. Advise patients to take vitamins at a different time of day.
* **Other medications:** May decrease absorption of other orally administered drugs by coating the GI tract.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements (frequency, consistency)
* Signs of anal leakage or perianal irritation
* Signs of potential aspiration
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer undiluted or mixed with a small amount of water or juice.
* Advise patients not to lie down immediately after taking the dose to minimize the risk of aspiration.
* Long-term, daily use is not generally recommended due to the risk of vitamin malabsorption and dependence. Intermittent use for short-term relief of constipation is preferred.
* The risk of lipoid pneumonia is a significant concern in elderly patients or those with impaired gag reflexes, especially with chronic use.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always consult the most current prescribing information or official drug compendium for complete details and to verify the information provided.
