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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It acts by lubricating the intestinal tract, softening stool, and promoting bowel movements.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-30 mL once daily, typically at bedtime. Some sources suggest up to 45 mL per day. Dosing should be individualized to achieve soft stools.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:**
* 1-5 years: 5-10 mL once daily.
* 6-12 years: 10-20 mL once daily.
* Children under 1 year: Dosing is not well-established and should be used with caution under medical supervision. A typical dose might be 2.5-5 mL once daily.
## Dose Adjustments
* No dose adjustments are typically needed for hepatic or renal impairment.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Ileus, intestinal obstruction, or acute abdominal conditions.
* Nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain of unknown origin.
* Risk of aspiration (especially in the elderly, very young, or those with swallowing difficulties).
## Adverse Effects
* Gastrointestinal: Abdominal cramping, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anal leakage.
* Other: Lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated), malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins (with chronic use).
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Absorption may be reduced with concurrent use due to the mineral oil's properties. Administer vitamin supplements at least 2 hours apart from liquid paraffin.
* **Other medications:** May potentially reduce the absorption of other orally administered drugs. Administer other medications at least 2 hours apart from liquid paraffin.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movement frequency and consistency.
* Signs of abdominal pain or distension.
* Signs of aspiration (e.g., cough, shortness of breath).
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize anal leakage during the day.
* Advise patients to avoid lying down immediately after taking oral liquid paraffin to reduce the risk of aspiration.
* Long-term, regular use is generally discouraged due to the potential for reduced absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
* Not suitable for individuals with a high risk of aspiration.
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*This information is for educational purposes only and does not substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment for your specific condition and to ensure you have the most up-to-date information. Please verify the current prescribing information before making any treatment decisions.*
