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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening stool and easing its passage.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Laxative:** 10-30 mL once daily, typically at bedtime. Maximum dose: 30 mL daily.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Under 1 year:** Not recommended due to risk of aspiration.
* **1-5 years:** 5 mL once daily.
* **6-12 years:** 10 mL once daily.
* **Over 12 years:** 10-15 mL once daily.
* **Note:** Dosing in pediatrics can vary; consult specific pediatric guidelines or local protocol.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are routinely required for hepatic or renal impairment.
## Contraindications
* Individuals with difficulty swallowing due to risk of aspiration and lipoid pneumonia.
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Acute abdominal conditions (e.g., appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, inflammatory bowel disease).
## Adverse Effects
* **Gastrointestinal:** Abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anal leakage (especially with larger doses or prolonged use).
* **Long-term/High-dose:** Malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K), lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated).
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins:** May decrease absorption. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Other laxatives:** Increased risk of diarrhea and electrolyte imbalance.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements: Frequency and consistency.
* Signs of electrolyte imbalance with prolonged or excessive use.
* Signs of malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins with chronic use.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize anal leakage during the day.
* Avoid use in patients at risk of aspiration.
* Long-term daily use is generally discouraged. Intermittent use is preferred.
* Can be mixed with water or juice to improve palatability and reduce gagging.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for clinical use and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult the most current prescribing information and relevant guidelines before administering any medication.
