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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening the stool and facilitating its passage. It is not absorbed by the body.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-45 mL once daily, typically at bedtime. A dose of 15-45 mL is common.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:**
* 1-5 years: 5-10 mL once daily.
* 6-12 years: 10-20 mL once daily.
* Over 12 years: Use adult dosing.
* Dosing may vary based on local pediatric guidelines.
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment due to lack of systemic absorption.
## Contraindications
* Appendicitis or undiagnosed abdominal pain.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Nausea and vomiting.
* Pregnancy and breastfeeding (caution advised, though generally considered low risk due to lack of absorption).
## Adverse Effects
* Diarrhea, abdominal cramps.
* Anal leakage (especially with higher doses or in individuals with poor sphincter control).
* Lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated, particularly in infants or elderly patients, or if taken in a supine position).
* Reduced absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) with chronic, long-term use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Decreased absorption with concurrent use. Advise separating administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Other laxatives:** Increased risk of diarrhea and electrolyte imbalance.
## Monitoring
* Monitor for bowel movements and signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance if diarrhea occurs.
* Assess for abdominal pain or distension.
* Monitor for signs of aspiration if risk factors are present.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to reduce the risk of anal leakage during the day.
* Avoid prolonged or excessive use to prevent malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins and potential dependence.
* Caution is advised in individuals at risk for aspiration, such as infants, the elderly, or those with swallowing difficulties. It should not be taken while lying down or immediately before lying down.
* May reduce the absorption of other oral medications; consider separating administration.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always consult the most current prescribing information and relevant guidelines for definitive guidance.
