Please check your internet connection and try again.
# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It works by lubricating the fecal mass and intestinal wall, softening the stool and easing its passage. It is not absorbed by the body.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-30 mL once daily, typically at bedtime. Doses can be adjusted based on response. Maximum dose is generally not specified but should be used cautiously to avoid dependency or adverse effects.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:** Dosing varies significantly by age and weight and should be determined by a healthcare provider based on local protocols. Generally, it is used cautiously in children.
* **Ages 6-12 years:** 5-15 mL once daily.
* **Ages 1-5 years:** 2.5-5 mL once daily.
* **Under 1 year:** Not generally recommended without specific medical advice and supervision.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment due to minimal systemic absorption. However, caution is advised in elderly or debilitated patients.
## Contraindications
* Known hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or other symptoms of appendicitis or undiagnosed abdominal conditions.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Difficulty swallowing (risk of aspiration).
## Adverse Effects
* **Common:** Diarrhea, abdominal cramping, bloating, nausea.
* **Serious:**
* **Lipoid pneumonia:** Can occur if the oil is aspirated into the lungs, particularly in patients with impaired swallowing reflexes, those lying down after administration, or in infants.
* **Anal leakage:** May occur, especially with higher doses, leading to perianal irritation and staining of clothing.
* **Vitamin malabsorption:** Long-term, high-dose use may interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K).
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Concurrent administration may decrease their absorption. Administer separately.
* **Mineral oil:** Concurrent use with other mineral oil-containing products (e.g., some suppositories) can increase the risk of systemic effects.
## Monitoring
* Monitor for bowel movements, stool consistency, and presence of abdominal pain or cramping.
* Assess for signs of aspiration or lipoid pneumonia if risk factors are present.
* Evaluate for anal leakage and perianal irritation.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to reduce the risk of anal leakage during the day.
* Avoid administration immediately before lying down due to the risk of aspiration.
* Do not use for prolonged periods (typically recommended for short-term use only) to avoid dependency and vitamin malabsorption.
* Educate patients on potential side effects, especially anal leakage and the importance of proper administration technique.
***
**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always verify the most current prescribing information and consult with a qualified healthcare provider for any questions regarding drug therapy.
