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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It acts as a lubricant, softening the stool and coating the intestinal walls to ease passage.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10 mL to 40 mL once daily, usually at bedtime. A typical starting dose is 20 mL.
* **Rectal (as an enema):** 100 mL to 200 mL retained for 30 minutes.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral (Age 6 months - 12 years):** 5 mL to 10 mL once daily, usually at bedtime.
* **Oral (Age > 12 years):** Same as adult dosing.
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment.
## Contraindications
* Appendicitis or symptoms thereof.
* Intestinal obstruction or fecal impaction.
* Abdominal pain of unknown origin.
* Nausea or vomiting.
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Use with caution in patients with dysphagia due to risk of aspiration.
## Adverse Effects
* Gastrointestinal: Abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anal leakage.
* Long-term use: May lead to decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K), and granulomatous reaction in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes (rare).
## Key Drug Interactions
* May reduce the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and other orally administered medications. Administer other medications at least 2 hours before or after liquid paraffin.
## Monitoring
* Monitor for bowel movements and signs of fecal impaction.
* Monitor for abdominal pain, cramping, or rectal leakage.
* Consider monitoring fat-soluble vitamin levels with chronic, high-dose use.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to reduce the risk of anal leakage during the day.
* Do not take immediately before lying down due to increased risk of aspiration.
* Avoid use in infants and young children unless specifically advised by a healthcare professional due to aspiration risk.
* Short-term use is recommended; chronic use can lead to dependency and nutrient malabsorption.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Please verify current prescribing information and consult with relevant resources before making any clinical decisions. Dosing may vary based on specific product formulations and local protocols.
