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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It works by lubricating the intestinal tract, softening the stool, and facilitating its passage.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-30 mL once daily, usually at bedtime. Doses may be adjusted based on response. Maximum daily dose is generally not specified but should be used cautiously.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:**
* 1-5 years: 5 mL once daily.
* 5-12 years: 10 mL once daily.
* Over 12 years: Refer to adult dosing.
* Use in infants is generally not recommended due to risk of aspiration and lipid pneumonia.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment.
## Contraindications
* Known hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Patients with intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, inflammatory bowel disease, or severe abdominal pain of unknown origin.
* Young children and infants due to the risk of aspiration and lipid pneumonia.
## Adverse Effects
* **Common:** Diarrhea, abdominal cramps, anal leakage (especially with higher doses).
* **Serious:** Lipid pneumonia (if aspirated), vitamin malabsorption (with chronic use).
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Liquid paraffin can decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Mineral oil-based suppositories:** Concurrent use may increase the risk of anal leakage.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements: Frequency and consistency.
* Signs of abdominal discomfort.
* For chronic use, consider monitoring for signs of vitamin deficiencies.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer undiluted.
* Advise patients to avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after taking oral liquid paraffin to reduce the risk of aspiration.
* Long-term, regular use should be discouraged due to potential for vitamin malabsorption and dependence.
* Not intended for children under 1 year of age.
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*Please verify the current prescribing information with the most up-to-date official drug monographs and local protocols before dispensing or administering.*
