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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening stool and facilitating its passage. It is not absorbed systemically.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-30 mL once daily or as needed, typically at bedtime. Doses can be increased if necessary, but caution is advised.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral (6-12 years):** 5-15 mL once daily at bedtime.
* **Oral (under 6 years):** Generally not recommended without physician guidance due to increased risk of aspiration and adverse effects. If used, doses are typically lower and administered with extreme caution.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required based on renal or hepatic impairment, as it is not absorbed. Dosing should be adjusted based on patient response and tolerance.
## Contraindications
* Abdominal pain of unknown origin.
* Nausea or vomiting.
* Bowel obstruction.
* Difficulty swallowing.
* Suspected appendicitis.
* Concurrent use of docusate sodium.
## Adverse Effects
* Anal leakage/soiling.
* Abdominal cramps or discomfort.
* Nausea.
* Vomiting.
* Lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated, particularly in the elderly or those with impaired gag reflexes).
* Reduced absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) with chronic, high-dose use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Reduced absorption with chronic use. Consider separate administration or supplementation.
* **Docusate sodium:** Concomitant use is generally discouraged as it may increase systemic absorption of mineral oil.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements (frequency, consistency).
* Signs of abdominal distension or pain.
* For patients at risk of aspiration, monitor for signs of respiratory distress.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer undiluted, but can be mixed with liquids or foods.
* Avoid administration immediately before lying down due to aspiration risk.
* Chronic use may lead to dependence and vitamin malabsorption.
* Adequate fluid intake is important.
* Not for long-term management of constipation.
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*Disclaimer: This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always consult the most current prescribing information and relevant clinical guidelines before making treatment decisions. Dosing and recommendations may vary based on specific product formulation, patient factors, and local protocols.*
