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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It works by coating the stool, making it softer and easier to pass, and by stimulating bowel motility.
## Primary Indications
* Constipation
## Adult Dosing
* **Laxative:** 10 mL to 30 mL once daily, usually at bedtime.
* **Emollient:** Apply topically to affected skin areas as needed.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Constipation (under 12 years):** Dosing varies. Generally, 5 mL once daily. **Use with caution and only under medical supervision.**
* **Constipation (12 years and older):** 10 mL to 20 mL once daily.
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment.
## Contraindications
* Appendicitis or symptoms of intestinal obstruction
* Intra-abdominal inflammation
* Persistent abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting
* Known hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin
## Adverse Effects
* Diarrhea
* Abdominal cramping
* Nausea
* Anal leakage (particularly with larger doses or inadequate intake of water)
* Lipoid pneumonia (rare, with chronic aspiration, especially in the elderly or debilitated)
* Fat-soluble vitamin malabsorption (with chronic use)
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Long-term use may decrease absorption. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Cholestyramine:** May enhance the absorption of liquid paraffin.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements (frequency, consistency)
* Signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance if diarrhea occurs.
* Monitor for signs of aspiration or lipoid pneumonia in at-risk populations.
## Clinical Pearls
* Advise patients to take with a full glass of water to minimize anal leakage and improve efficacy.
* Avoid administration in recumbent patients or those with dysphagia due to the risk of aspiration and lipoid pneumonia.
* Limit duration of use for constipation to avoid dependence and malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
* Topical use can provide a barrier against moisture loss and irritants.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult the most current prescribing information and relevant guidelines before making clinical decisions.
