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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a highly refined mineral oil used as a laxative. It works by softening stool and lubricating the intestinal tract, making bowel movements easier. It is not absorbed by the body.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-30 mL once daily, usually at bedtime. Some protocols may recommend up to 30 mL twice daily for short-term use.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Ages 1-5 years:** 5 mL once daily.
* **Ages 6-12 years:** 10 mL once daily.
* **Over 12 years:** Same as adult dosing.
* **Under 1 year:** Generally not recommended due to increased risk of aspiration. Use with extreme caution and under strict medical supervision if deemed necessary.
## Dose Adjustments
No dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment as it is not absorbed systemically.
## Contraindications
* Known hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Acute abdominal conditions (e.g., appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, inflammatory bowel disease).
* Difficulty swallowing.
* Individuals with a risk of aspiration (e.g., elderly, debilitated patients, those with impaired gag reflex).
## Adverse Effects
* Gastrointestinal: Anal leakage (especially with higher doses), abdominal cramps, bloating, nausea, diarrhea.
* Long-term use can lead to dependence, reduced absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K), and perianal irritation.
* Lipoid pneumonia if aspirated into the lungs.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Reduced absorption with prolonged use.
* **Docusate Sodium:** Concurrent administration may increase absorption of liquid paraffin.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movement frequency and consistency.
* Signs of anal leakage or perianal irritation.
* Monitor for signs of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency with chronic use.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer undiluted.
* Best taken at bedtime to minimize anal leakage.
* Avoid lying down immediately after administration to reduce aspiration risk.
* Limit treatment duration to prevent dependence and vitamin malabsorption.
* Advise patients to report any abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or lack of bowel movement.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals. It is essential to consult the most current prescribing information and local protocols for definitive guidance, as drug information can change.
