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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil that acts as an emollient and lubricant. It is not absorbed systemically.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
10-30 mL once daily, typically at bedtime. Maximum dose is not well-established, but higher doses increase aspiration risk.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Ages 1-12 years:** 5-15 mL once daily, typically at bedtime.
* **Under 1 year:** Dosing is not well-established and should be used with caution due to increased risk of aspiration. Consult product labeling or a pediatrician.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment as it is not absorbed.
## Contraindications
* Appendicitis or undiagnosed abdominal pain.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Nausea and vomiting.
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* **Caution:** Patients with dysphagia or those at risk for aspiration.
## Adverse Effects
* Diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting.
* Anal leakage (especially with higher doses).
* Lipid pneumonia (if aspirated).
* Decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (if used chronically).
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** May reduce absorption if taken concurrently. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Anionic surfactants (e.g., docusate):** May decrease the effectiveness of liquid paraffin.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movement frequency and consistency.
* Signs of abdominal distension or pain.
* Signs of aspiration (coughing, choking, difficulty breathing).
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize daytime disruption and anal leakage.
* Shake well before use.
* Due to the risk of aspiration, avoid concurrent use with other medications that may impair swallowing or consciousness.
* Long-term use can lead to dependence and vitamin malabsorption. Consider alternative treatments for chronic constipation.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult the most current prescribing information and guidelines, and exercise clinical judgment when making treatment decisions. Dosing and indications may vary based on local protocols and patient-specific factors.
