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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as a laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening stool and easing its passage. It is poorly absorbed.
## Primary Indications
Constipation.
## Adult Dosing
* **Oral:** 10-30 mL once daily, usually at bedtime. A higher dose may be used for more severe constipation, but the specific maximum dose depends on clinical assessment and local protocol.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Oral:**
* **1-12 years:** 5-15 mL once daily.
* **Under 1 year:** Generally not recommended; use with caution and under medical supervision. Dosing may be 2.5-5 mL once daily.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment due to minimal systemic absorption.
## Contraindications
* Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or other symptoms of appendicitis or undiagnosed abdominal conditions.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Young children, particularly infants, due to increased risk of aspiration.
## Adverse Effects
* Anal leakage (particularly with higher doses or prolonged use).
* Abdominal cramping or discomfort.
* Nausea.
* Lipoid pneumonia (if aspirated, especially in debilitated individuals or with long-term use).
* Reduced absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) with chronic, high-dose use.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K):** Chronic use may decrease absorption. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
* **Other medications:** May interfere with the absorption of other orally administered drugs by forming a physical barrier in the GI tract. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movements: Frequency, consistency, presence of straining.
* Signs of abdominal discomfort.
* For chronic use: Monitor for vitamin deficiencies and signs of lipoid pneumonia (persistent cough, fever).
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize disruption and reduce the risk of anal leakage during the day.
* Do not use for prolonged periods (typically more than 1-2 weeks) without medical advice.
* Caution patients regarding the risk of aspiration, especially if elderly, debilitated, or having difficulty swallowing.
* Shake well before use.
* Advise patients that liquid paraffin can stain clothing and bedding.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always consult the most current prescribing information and clinical guidelines before making treatment decisions. Product-specific information may vary.
