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# Liquid Paraffin
## Overview
Liquid paraffin is a mineral oil used as an emollient and laxative. It lubricates the intestinal tract, softening stool and promoting bowel movements.
## Primary Indications
* **Constipation:** Relief of occasional constipation.
* **Skin Conditions:** Topical use for dry skin, eczema, and psoriasis as an emollient.
## Adult Dosing
* **Laxative:** 10-30 mL once daily at bedtime. Do not exceed 30 mL daily.
* **Topical Emollient:** Apply as needed to affected skin areas.
## Pediatric Dosing
* **Laxative:**
* **1-5 years:** 5 mL once daily at bedtime. Do not exceed 5 mL daily.
* **6-12 years:** 10 mL once daily at bedtime. Do not exceed 10 mL daily.
* Use in children under 1 year should be under medical supervision. Dosing for infants is not well-established and depends on local protocol.
* **Topical Emollient:** Apply as needed to affected skin areas.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for hepatic or renal impairment.
## Contraindications
* Appendicitis or undiagnosed abdominal pain.
* Intestinal obstruction.
* Hypersensitivity to liquid paraffin.
* Should not be taken by patients who are lying down or have difficulty swallowing due to the risk of aspiration and lipoid pneumonia.
## Adverse Effects
* **Gastrointestinal:** Abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anal leakage.
* **Aspiration:** Lipoid pneumonia (rare but serious, especially in those with swallowing difficulties or when taken recumbent).
* **Nutritional:** Long-term use may interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K).
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Fat-soluble vitamins:** May decrease absorption. Consider separate administration or supplementation if long-term use is necessary.
* **Other laxatives:** Increased risk of diarrhea and electrolyte imbalance.
## Monitoring
* Bowel movement frequency and consistency.
* Signs of anal leakage or perianal irritation.
* For long-term use, monitor for signs of vitamin deficiency.
## Clinical Pearls
* Administer at bedtime to minimize disruption and potential leakage.
* Advise patients to remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to reduce aspiration risk.
* Not intended for chronic use; short-term management of constipation is preferred.
* Ensure adequate hydration when using as a laxative.
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*Disclaimer: This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always verify current prescribing information with the official drug labeling or a reliable drug information resource before making clinical decisions.*
