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# Isoxsuprine Hydrochloride
## Overview
Isoxsuprine hydrochloride is a peripheral vasodilator. Its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood but is thought to involve direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle.
## Primary Indications
* Intermittent claudication due to peripheral vascular disease.
* Vascular spasms.
## Adult Dosing
* **Intermittent Claudication/Vascular Spasms:** 10 mg to 20 mg orally three to four times daily.
## Pediatric Dosing
* There is no established pediatric dosing for isoxsuprine hydrochloride. Use in children is not recommended.
## Dose Adjustments
* No specific dose adjustments are typically required based on renal or hepatic impairment, but caution is advised in severe disease.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to isoxsuprine.
* Do not use in patients with recent arterial embolism.
* Use with extreme caution in patients with hypotension or tachycardia.
## Adverse Effects
* **Common:** Flushing, gastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea), dizziness, weakness, nervousness, rash.
* **Less Common/Serious:** Hypotension, tachycardia, paradoxical increase in angina, blurred vision.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Antihypertensives:** Isoxsuprine may potentiate the hypotensive effects of antihypertensive medications.
* **Sympathomimetics:** May potentiate cardiovascular effects.
## Monitoring
* Blood pressure and heart rate.
* Signs and symptoms of peripheral vascular disease.
* Patient-reported improvement in claudication or vascular spasms.
## Clinical Pearls
* Effectiveness for intermittent claudication is variable and controversial.
* Onset of action is typically within 30 minutes, with peak effects occurring at 1 to 2 hours.
* Avoid use in patients with glaucoma, as it may increase intraocular pressure.
* Discontinue if significant side effects occur.
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*Disclaimer: This information is intended for healthcare professionals and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult the most current prescribing information and relevant clinical guidelines before making any treatment decisions. Drug information can change, and individual patient needs may vary.*
