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# Isoxsuprine hydrochloride
## Overview
Isoxsuprine hydrochloride is a peripheral vasodilator. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood but is thought to involve direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle.
## Primary Indications
* Treatment of peripheral vascular disease, such as intermittent claudication, to improve walking distance and relieve pain.
* Historically used for threatened premature labor (off-label and not a standard of care).
## Adult Dosing
* **Peripheral Vascular Disease:** 10-20 mg orally three to four times daily.
* **Maximum Dose:** Generally not to exceed 80 mg per day.
## Pediatric Dosing
There is no established pediatric dosing for isoxsuprine hydrochloride. Its use in pediatric patients is not recommended.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are typically required for renal or hepatic impairment, but caution is advised in severe cases due to potential accumulation.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to isoxsuprine hydrochloride.
* Should not be used intravenously due to risk of severe hypotension and other adverse effects.
## Adverse Effects
Common: Dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distress, hypotension, flushing, rash.
Less Common: Tachycardia, palpitations, drowsiness.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Antihypertensives:** Isoxsuprine may potentiate the hypotensive effects of antihypertensive medications.
* **Other Vasodilators:** Additive hypotensive effects may occur.
## Monitoring
* Blood pressure and heart rate.
* Signs and symptoms of peripheral vascular disease (e.g., walking distance, pain levels).
* Patient's response to therapy.
## Clinical Pearls
* Effectiveness in peripheral vascular disease is variable and often modest.
* Use with caution in patients with heart disease, hypotension, or glaucoma.
* Administer with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
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*This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Always consult the most current prescribing information and local guidelines for complete details.*
