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# Isoxsuprine hydrochloride
## Overview
Isoxsuprine hydrochloride is a peripheral vasodilator. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood but is thought to involve direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. It also has some beta-adrenergic agonist activity.
## Primary Indications
* Treatment of peripheral vascular disease, such as intermittent claudication and vasospasm.
* Adjunctive therapy in cerebrovascular insufficiency.
## Adult Dosing
* **Intermittent claudication and peripheral vascular disease:** 10 mg to 20 mg orally every 3 to 4 times daily.
* **Cerebrovascular insufficiency:** 10 mg to 20 mg orally every 3 to 4 times daily.
Doses may be increased gradually as tolerated. The maximum recommended dose is generally 120 mg per day.
## Pediatric Dosing
There is no established pediatric dosing for isoxsuprine hydrochloride.
## Dose Adjustments
No specific dose adjustments are routinely recommended for renal or hepatic impairment. However, caution should be exercised in patients with significant impairment.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to isoxsuprine hydrochloride.
* Should not be administered immediately postpartum or in patients with cardiac arrhythmias.
## Adverse Effects
* **Common:** Nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, dizziness, weakness, flushing, rash, hypotension.
* **Less common:** Palpitations, gastrointestinal bleeding.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Antihypertensives:** Isoxsuprine may potentiate the hypotensive effects of antihypertensive medications.
* **Epinephrine:** May antagonize the vasodilating effects of isoxsuprine.
## Monitoring
* Blood pressure and heart rate.
* Signs and symptoms of peripheral vascular disease.
* Patient's response to therapy.
## Clinical Pearls
* Isoxsuprine is typically given orally.
* The effectiveness of isoxsuprine in peripheral vascular disease is debated, and it is not universally recommended.
* Patient education on avoiding smoking and maintaining leg elevation is crucial.
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*Disclaimer: This information is intended for healthcare professionals and does not replace comprehensive drug information resources. Always consult the most current prescribing information and relevant clinical guidelines before making treatment decisions.*
