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# Isoxsuprine hydrochloride
## Overview
Isoxsuprine hydrochloride is a vasodilator that is thought to act by relaxing vascular smooth muscle. Its clinical efficacy is debated.
## Primary Indications
* Treatment of peripheral vascular disease.
* Adjunctive therapy for cerebrovascular insufficiency.
## Adult Dosing
* **Usual dose:** 10 mg to 20 mg by mouth 3 to 4 times daily.
* **Maximum dose:** Not clearly established, but doses higher than 20 mg TID may increase adverse effects without significant benefit.
## Pediatric Dosing
* There is no established pediatric dosing for isoxsuprine hydrochloride.
## Dose Adjustments
* No specific dose adjustments are recommended for renal or hepatic impairment. However, caution is advised due to potential for accumulation and increased adverse effects.
## Contraindications
* Hypersensitivity to isoxsuprine hydrochloride.
* Do not use in patients who have never responded to isoxsuprine.
## Adverse Effects
* **Common:** Hypotension, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, rash, flushing.
* **Less common:** Tachycardia, palpitations, drowsiness, confusion.
## Key Drug Interactions
* **Antihypertensives:** Isoxsuprine may potentiate the effects of antihypertensive agents, leading to hypotension.
* **Other vasodilators:** Additive hypotensive effects may occur.
## Monitoring
* Blood pressure.
* Signs and symptoms of peripheral vascular disease or cerebrovascular insufficiency.
* Signs of adverse effects.
## Clinical Pearls
* The clinical benefit of isoxsuprine is not well-established and it is not widely recommended by major clinical guidelines.
* Onset of action is typically 30 minutes, with peak effects at 1-2 hours, and duration of 3-4 hours.
* Patient response should be carefully assessed to determine continued efficacy and necessity.
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**Disclaimer:** This information is intended for clinical decision-making support and does not replace the need to consult the official prescribing information and relevant clinical guidelines for the most current and complete drug information. Always verify current prescribing information before making clinical decisions.
